Retrofitting Types – Techniques – Materials – Structures – Advantages [PDF]

To retrofit means adding a component modifying something purposefully that did not have it when manufactured or constructed. So, the retrofitting is the method of repairing or modifying a structure after its manufacturing to enhance its capacity or making it more useful. In construction industry, retrofitting is done to repair old structure, increasing its durability … Read more

What is a Pier and Beam Foundation? – Cost, Pros & Cons

What is pier and Beam foundation?

So, in our today’s blog we’re going to take about the one of the most common types of foundation used in home in Southern United States. Moreover, we’d also look at the reasons why we choose a pier and beam foundation. Well, when you’re going to build a new home, one of the most basic … Read more

Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete – Static – Dynamic – Types

Concrete's Modulus of Elasticity

Concrete is a brittle material but do you know it still has elasticity and hence modulus of elasticity is an important parameter civil engineers used during design of structures. What you think, is there a relation between strength and modulus of elasticity of concrete? Well, concrete does has enormous flexural as well as compressive strength. … Read more

Weight of concrete – Density – Concrete Slab – Driveways

Weight of concrete per foot

Knowing the unit weight of concrete is an important step while designing reinforced concrete structures as well as during preparing mix-design. The unit weight of simple concrete (un-reinforced concrete) is different as compared with the weight per cubic foot of a reinforced concrete mass. Similarly, if you’re working on a demolition project, you need a … Read more

Difference between Flexible and rigid Pavement (Fully EXPLAINED)

Rigid Pavement

So, when you step in the world of pavements, you’ve got two broad classes or types’ i.e. rigid pavement and flexible pavement. So, what is rigid pavement and what is the difference between flexible and rigid pavement? In simple terms, we can say that a pavement made with concrete acts like a rigid pavement while … Read more

What is slump of Concrete? Types – Factors effecting Slump

If you’re bit concerned about quality of freshly mixed concrete, you’d be dealing with terms like slump of concrete, consistency, fineness of cement, and compressive strength. Of all, slump of concrete is an important quality control parameter. The next time you step in as incharge of concrete pouring activity, you should know different types of … Read more

Curing of Concrete – Methods – Temperature – Stages – Importance

Curing of Concrete

You might have heard about concrete curing, a process of spraying water on freshly placed concrete. But probably have not  heard about other methods of curing of concrete like using water-soaked hessian cloth or ponding. But do you know why concrete needs curing? Why curing is so important for the longevity and durability of concrete? … Read more

Fineness of Cement by Blaine’s Air Permeability test

Blaine's Air Permeability Test

Air permeability test or Blaine’s air permeability method is one of the most accurate methods of finding the fineness of the cement. In this method, we determine fineness of the cement with the help of an apparatus patented by LEA and NURSE, it is done by the NURSE and BLAINE’S method as, apparatus consists of … Read more

Difference between Cement and Concrete or Mortar

Difference between Cement and Concrete

As there’s a big difference between cement and concrete, you’re at times confused what to use. You want to fix an old stone wall or maybe a brick sidewalk, it’s easy right! Just go down to the Home Center pick up a bag of cement or is it concrete no wait maybe mortar. Well, many … Read more